B According to Section 2 of the Texas Bill of Rights, Texans may alter the government so long as the government stays a representative democracy
6 Texas Conservatism
A The time period after WWII also led to the emergence of new political powers in Texas
B Democrats were splitting into two factions
1 Progressive New Deal Democrats
a U.S. President Lyndon B Johnson was a consummate politician, perfectly attuned to the ways of Capitol Hill
2 Conservative Democrats
a Allan Shivers Texas Governor
C Shivers stacked the members of the State Democratic Executive Committee with his supporters and began to push Conservative policies
F This political shift in Texas spread across the Nation
G In the 1970’s Texas elected its first Republican governor since Reconstruction marking the move to conservatism in the state
H Republican leaders and educational groups in Texas have differing views about spending for education in Texas
1 Republicans believe in School Choice through voucher programs
2 Education groups in Texas worry that vouchers take money from already poor and failing schools
D Oveta Culp Hobby was a Journalist, business leader, and public servant, she formed and led the Women’s Army Corps (WAC) during the Second World War. She was appointed the first secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare — the second woman to hold a cabinet post
F Hector Garcia founded the American G.I. Forum led to expanded rights and liberties for Hispanic Americans
E From the late 1970s to the 1990s Texas Conservatives began to find their beliefs best represented in the Republican Party
1 This influence came political strategists like karl Rove
2 Another influence was a large influx of wealthy conservative republicans from other states
1 Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina
a 1 February 1960 4 black college students spark a sit in movement that spreads across the nation
b Ezell Blair Jr., David Richmond, Franklin McCain and Joseph McNeil: students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College
c These young men sat at the lunch counter in this restaurant that they were not allowed to eat in
d The restaurant refused to serve them and they refused to leave
e The police would not arrest them because they were not being violent or belligerent
f A white friend notified the local news media who came to publicize the protest
g They returned for days open till close and each day more protestors joined them effectively shutting down the restaurant
3 Civil Rights In Texas
A The Texas Constitution’s guarantee of freedom of the press contributes to advancing the Civil Rights Movement in Texas by informing the public about issues and events related to the movement
1 organized by MLK, took several attempts to complete
2 54 mile march to register black voters
3 State Troopers under the direction of the Governor, George Wallace, kept blocking the road and attacking the marchers forcing them to turn around
4 Eventually after televised news coverage of the attacks on MLK and several thousand marchers, U.S. Army National Guard troops were sent in to protect them
5 They were met in Montgomery by about 50 thousand supporters, both black and white
7 Korean War
A June 25, 1950 The Soviet-backed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea invaded the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south
B In July The United States joins in on the side of South Korea to help stop the spread of Communism
C The war lasted 3 years
D Five Million people died
E Korean peninsula still divided today
Learn History
To Know Who You Are and who you want to be
Civil Rights and Conservatism
C Montgomery Bus Boycott
1 Blacks in Montgomery refused to buy tickets and ride on the public bus system until the buses were desegregated
2 Started on the day of the Rosa Parks trial and lasted 381 days
3 This drew media attention and eventually the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the busses were to be desegregated
4 Texas Civil Rights Leaders
A Barbara Jordan was the first African American from a southern state to serve in the U.S. Congress after her service in the Texas State Senate
B Raymond L. Telles was elected first Mexican American mayor of El Paso in 1957, making him the first Mexican American leader of a major American city. He also served as Ambassador to Costa Rica under John F. Kennedy.
B Equality for both men and women is a right protected by the Texas Constitution
d Claudette Colvin was in a similar situation 9 months before Rosa Parks
e Colvin was only 15 years old and her parents were not impressed with the stand she took because they feared repercussions from the KKK
f She lost many friends because their parents told them to stay away from her because they too feared attacks from the KKK
1 The Civil Rights Movement
A Protest movement against racial segregation and discrimination
B 1950's
C Sought equal rights and protections of the Constitution for all citizens no matter their race or color
D Characterized by nonviolent protests
E Civil Disobedience - A peaceful protest in which you refuse to comply with certain laws
F 1954 Brown vs Board of Education
1 Made segregation illegal
D Conservative ideas
1 Traditional Christian beliefs
a Evangelical political leaders have incorporated their faith into the way they lead as a result of the evangelical movement influencing political leadership in the last several decades
2 Family values
3 Nationalist and Patriotic
4 Support lower taxes
5 Support keeping government regulation out of businesses
E James Farmer Jr was a civil rights leader and native Texan who formed the Committee of Racial Equality (CORE) and worked to bring an end to racial segregation in the United States through nonviolent actions like the Freedom Rides
C Raul A. Gonzalez Jr is noted for years of service as a judge in the state of Texas and was the first Hispanic appointed to statewide office in Texas
8 Vietnam War
A 1954 Communist leader of North Vietnam Ho Chi Minh invades South Vietnam
B 1964 The United States joined the war to help South Vietnam fight against the Communist invasion
C The war was long and costly
1 3 million died
2 58,000 were Americans
3 The majority killed were Vietnamese civilians
a Both sides of the war killed civilians assuming they were working with the enemy, it was tragic to say the least
D The war ended two years after U.S. Forces withdrew in 1973 because of rising political opposition to the war
D2 1975, communist forces seized control of Saigon, ending the Vietnam War, and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year
E The Vietnam War affected the economy of Texas by creating jobs in Texas to support the military
2 Bus Seat: Rosa Parks, Claudette Colvin
a On Montgomery Alabama busses the first ten seats were reserved for white passengers
b Rosa Parks was seated one row beyond those ten seats but the bus became crowded so the bus driver asked her to move back and vacate the seat for a white passenger
c Rosa parks refused to move and the bus driver called the police and she was arrested
5 Random Texas Civics information
A A free press important for Texas citizens because people need to be informed to make valid decisions