D Increases in population also led to increases in pollution and illness
1 Pollution came not only from factories but from all of the homes in which people burned wood and coal for everything
a steam powered factory machines
b heating homes
c cooking food
2 Smoke poured from every building in a city
3 People working in close quarters in factories easily spread diseases to each other, just like the flu spreads through our school
3 Hurricane 1900
A Nature had a devastating impact on Texas during this era
B In the year 1900 before, long before sophisticate weather prediction and observation technology, a massive hurricane snuck up on and devastated Galveston Island
C Populist Movement
1 The populist movement was organized to address reforms needed to protect agricultural workers
2 Farmers were suffering from crop failures, falling prices, poor marketing, and lack of loans
3 James Hogg became governor of Texas with the support of populist groups like the Texas Farmers Union, Farmers Alliance, and The Grange
B Kelly Field
1 Established in 1917 near San Antonio
2 Training base for pilots
D League of United Latin American Citizens
1 The goal of the League of United Latin American Citizens was to support the rights of Spanish speaking people
2 Inventors and Inventions
A Samuel Slater brings the water powered factory to America from England
B Eli Whitney creator of the cotton gin also developed the idea of interchangeable parts
1 interchangeable parts is a big step that leads to mass production and factories
C John Deere invents the steel plow to help farmers prepare soil for planting
D Cyrus McCormick invents the mechanical reaper to help harvest crops
E The steam powered tractor led to crops being produced in greater amounts eventually supplying more than was demanded causing a drop in prices
10 Social Reform Movements
A Prohibition
1 Lasted from 1920 -1933
2 Outlawed the production, sale, and distribution of alcohol
C During WWI many Texas women entered the workforce to replace men who had gone off to fight in the war
C After the Hurricane of 1900 many businesses relocated to Houston instead of rebuilding in Galveston
D In 1903 Galveston began the construction of a sea wall to protect the island from storm surge
C Boom towns sprang up all over Texas after the discovery of oil
D Oil boom towns disappeared as fast as they popped up in a cycle known as Boom and Bust
8 U.S. Joins WWI
A Germany was attacking American civilian ships
1 Lusitania British Ocean Liner sailing from New York to Liverpool England, Many Americans on board
2 Torpedoed and sunk by German U-Boat
B Zimmerman Telegram
1 Germany tried to talk Mexico into joining the war and attacking the U.S.
1 Industrialization
A Industrialization started in Europe and spread to the United States
B Industrialization is a shift in economics and lifestyle from farming to factories
E The urbanization of Texas resulted in an increase of jobs in the service related fields
1 As businesses grew and people more people got jobs they had money to spend
2 More opportunities for service industry jobs like cooks, servers, store clerks, and more became available in cites
F The population of Texas, especially the city of Austin increased significantly in the 1900's
4 Oil Boom
A The first successful oil well in Texas was struck in 1901 at a place called Spindletop
B The Age of oil in Texas led to the growth of urban areas
C One result of Industrialization was that the population of cities expanded
1 People left farms to get jobs in factories
2 Cities became crowded with all of these new residents
3 Tenant houses, apartment buildings, were built to house more people
7 World War I Begins
A Began in 1914
B In Sarajevo Bosnia, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire and his wife Sophie were assassinated
C Killed by Serbians angry about territory that was taken
D Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, everybody jumps in and takes sides
5 Oil Regulation
A The Texas Railroad Commission which was created under Governor James Hogg, Regulated and controlled oil prices
6 Oil in Texas
A Oil and natural gas deposits can be found in all four regions of Texas
BTechnological innovation helped to expand the oil industry in Texas
C Howard Hughes, owner of Hughes Tool Company, made a huge contribution to the Texas oil industry when he created the "Sharp -Hughes" a special rotary tri-cone rock drill bit that was used in the Texas Oil Boom
Modernizing Texas
Industrialization, Oil, Social Reform, and WWI
9 Texas during WWI
A Camp Bowie
1 Built in 1917 near Fort Worth
2 Training base for army soldiers
3 Camp Bowie Road and the Camp Bowie district are a neighborhood in Fort Worth today